Nutrition and Disease

CHRONIC disease is has reached epidemic proportions in the US and much of Western Europe. According to the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention in the United States, chronic diseases account for five of the leading six causes of death. Most of these diseases are preventable. Unhealthy eating and lack of exercise not only contribute to obesity but also to some cancers, diabetes and heart disease.

Statistics show that for 2005 and 2006 more than 34% of the American population aged over 20 was obese. The figures for overweight children aged two to five, increased to nearly 14 percent for the 2003 to 2004 period, while 18 percent of those aged six to11 were obese. Seventeen percent of 12 to 19-year-olds were also obese.

Those who are classed as obese have an increased risk of heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure and certain cancers.

The Importance of Good Nutrition

Eating at least five portions of fresh fruit and vegetables a day, adding fish twice a week in place of red meat and avoiding as many processed foods and canned drinks as possible, can dramatically lower the risk of chronic disease.

Good nutrition begins in infancy. Children not breastfed are at increased risk of being overweight, contracting childhood infections and having asthma. There is also some evidence that children given cow’s milk before they are six months old have an increased risk of Type I diabetes.

Physical Activity

Regular physical activity, healthy eating and creating an environment that supports these are essential. Physical activity does not have to be strenuous to reap the benefits. For example, adults of all ages will benefit from any moderate-intensity physical activity, including a 30 minute brisk walk most days of the week.

Regular physical activity also reduces the risk of heart attacks, colon cancer, diabetes and high blood pressure and may also reduce risk of stroke.

Other benefits are: 

Weight control  Healthy bones, muscles and joints Reduced falls among older adults  Relief from arthritis pain  Reduces symptoms of anxiety and depression Fewer hospital visits, doctor’s visits and less need for medication.